Searching for a good Dentist in Nuristan
Thank you for your very useful and informative letter.
Your first question concens "chain of custody". I recognize that this
is a problem. However, the alternative involves going up to Nuristan
and collecting the cheek swabs. This would be a very dangerous
undertaking that can get you killed. I have been there twice, and I am
lucky to be alive. I am not going up there again, unless, of course,
they offer me a beautiful girl.
The alternative is going to Jalalabad and although that is less likely
to get you killed it is still dangerous.
Back in the 1980s I could have collected the data myself because there
were 30,000 refugees from Nuristan living in Chitral and I was quite
friendly with them. They often came to see me as they considered me to
be a man of importance, but DNA testing was not available back then.
So, basically the alternatives are my suggestion, which is to collect
the teeth of Nuristanis, or to have no data at all.
Your next question is whether the subjects would be of "deep
ancestry".
I feel that this is not a problem. The evidence indicates that there
has been very little interaction or intermarriage between Nuristanis
and outsiders over the last several thousand years. There are several
reasons for this. They had a reputation for simply killing any
outsider who came there. I know of no historical instance of any man
who simply moved to Nuristan and took up residence there.
For example, in 1507, the Emporer Babur, on his way to the conquest of
India, passed by Kafirstan, which is now called Nuristan. Babur wrote
in his memoirs, "Above Assadabad, all is Kafirstan. Don't go there."
He did have a few run-ins with them. He killed a few of them, and they
killed a few of his army. He was trying to capture their rice fields
to feed his army, but soon gave up.
Babur was able to conquer the whole of India, but he could not
penetrate Nuristan.
King Adbul Rehman did conquer Nuristan in 1892. When asked why he had
done this, he wrote that he had done it because:
"The Nuristanis were such savages that whenever they came to Kabul
they dressed in animal skins, and they sold their wives as slaves."
About the neighboring Chitralis, the Encyclopedia Britannica to this
day states:
"The Chitrali girls are the most beautiful women and they always fetch
the highest prices in the slave markets of Kabul".
I was married to a Chitrali girl, by the way.
I believe that there has been little or no immigration into Nuristan.
Muslim law prohibits marriage of a Muslim girl to a Kafir. If the
Nuristanis got any girls from outside, it was by raids and capturing
them. They were known to do this, but I doubt it happened often.
Your next question involves "Informed consent". I realize that this is
a question if you are identifying the people by name. However, if you
just have a bunch of teeth of Nuristanis, I do not see how that they
can require that the teeth give informed consent.
As to the cost, I will bet that it is a lot less than the cost of an
expedition to Nuristan.
I appreciate the large number of clues you have provided as to how I
can get this done.
Sam Sloan
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