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27th April 00:54
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Bush to pile up $1.9 trillion in NEW debt
washingtonpost.com
White House Foresees 5-Year Debt Increase Of $1.9 Trillion
By Jonathan Weisman
Washington Post Staff Writer
Wednesday, July 16, 2003; Page A01
The federal government will pile up $1.9 trillion in new debt over the
next five years and will still be running an annual deficit of $226
billion by 2008, long after White House economists assume current war
costs will have subsided and the economy will have recovered, the Bush
administration projected yesterday.
The White House Office of Management and Budget officially pegged the
2003 budget deficit at a record $455 billion, up sharply from $158
billion in the fiscal year that ended Sept. 30, 2002. It is expected
to rise to $475 billion in fiscal 2004, even without additional costs
for the occupation of Iraq. The deficit is then expected to dip
swiftly to $213 billion in 2007 before rising again in 2008, the last
year of the White House forecast.
White House budget director Joshua B. Bolten labeled the new deficit
figures "a legitimate subject of concern," but he called the red ink
"manageable." He offered no new proposals to bring the budget back
into balance.
"Restoring a balanced budget is an important priority for this
administration," he said, "but a balanced budget is not a higher
priority than winning the global war on terror, protecting the
American homeland, or restoring economic growth and job creation."
Bolten, offering his first deficit projections since taking over as
budget director last month, would not concede a point private budget
experts have been making for months: Absent significant budget cuts or
tax increases, the deficit is now built into the fabric of the
government's finances and is here to stay.
"We are truly in a structural deficit as it's usually defined," said
Rudolph G. Penner, a Republican and former director of the
Congressional Budget Office, "and this is not going to right itself."
There has been a dramatic reversal of the government's fiscal fortunes
since President Bush took office in 2001. That year, the government
posted a $127 billion surplus, and the CBO projected surpluses between
2003 and 2008 totaling $2.9 trillion. That means projections have shot
downward by $4.8 trillion.
Just what caused that erosion is the subject of fierce partisan
debate. The White House pinned the blame on three years of sluggish
economic growth and the aftermath of the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist
attacks. During Bush's first months in office, the White House
projected a $334 billion surplus for 2003. Of the $789 billion swing
to a $455 billion deficit, Bolten attributed 53 percent to the
economic downturn, 24 percent to war, homeland security and other new
programs, and 23 percent to the three successive tax cuts enacted
since 2001.
Republicans said the tax cuts will boost economic growth and
ultimately shrink the deficit. "The tax cuts proposed by the president
and enacted by Congress are not the problem," Bolten said. "They are
and will be part of the solution."
Democrats disagree. Between 2002 and 2011, the government will have
racked up $3.6 trillion in deficits, House Budget Committee Democratic
aides project. During the same time, Bush-era tax cuts and the
interest they add to government debt will have cost $3.7 trillion.
Those numbers will likely animate the political debate over the
president's fiscal policies throughout the election season. Democratic
candidates sought yesterday to put the swelling deficit into the
context of their attacks on Bush's credibility over the justifications
for invading Iraq.
"Just as disturbing as the news today about the record deficits the
Bush administration has run up is the White House's response to the
situation. President Bush is repeating two dangerous habits:
misleading the American people and ducking responsibility for his
mistakes," said Sen. Joseph I. Lieberman (D-Conn.), a candidate for
the 2004 presidential nomination. "Everyone knows what is really
responsible for these deficits," he concluded, "the unfair,
unaffordable, and ineffective Bush tax cuts."
Rep. John M. Spratt Jr. (S.C.), ranking Democrat on the Budget
Committee, lamented, "There seems to be no shame, no shock and no
solution."
For both the Democrats and Bush, addressing the deficit presents a
quandary. Mindful of his father's deficit-reduction experiences of
1991 and 1992, when President George H.W. Bush broke his "no new
taxes" pledge, the president will be loath to reverse course on his
own tax cuts. But he has also proved reluctant to demand deep spending
cuts and risk alienating moderate voters.
Because the tax cut enacted last month locked in tax reductions that
otherwise would have been phased in long after next year's election,
Democratic candidates would have to advocate raising taxes to have
much impact on the deficit. That also is politically perilous.
"We're in a very tough bind now," said Robert L. Bixby, executive
director of the Concord Coalition, a nonpartisan budget watchdog
group. "A lot of the stuff that caused this problem has been sort of
baked in the cake."
Sen. Kent Conrad (N.D.), ranking Democrat on the Budget Committee,
suggested yesterday some form of "tax reform" that would help close
the gap between the amount of taxes owed and the amount actually paid.
That "tax gap" is approaching $300 billion a year, he said, hinting
that tougher enforcement of the tax code could substantially reduce
the deficit without a tax increase.
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