Why is Evolution Not Science? (evolution reality religion science aspects)
Science is the attempt to explain various aspects of reality in terms
of discoverable regularities of nature.
Yes, and why should scientists care to know about such processes? The
whole point of science is the assumption that the repeatable,
observable processes studied in the lab apply everywhere and at all
times. It would hardly be worthwhile to establish something about the
boiling point of various solutions, or the effect of temperature on
ferromagnetism, if you thought that the results obtained in a lab in
England might not apply in an electrical generator in Ohio, or a bridge in Singapore.
Science quite frequently deals with unobserved events in the past --
and all events are, in their specific detail, unique and unrepeatable.
Science attempts to determine the commonalities in causes in various
unique events. Investigators use the results of "operational" science
to determine how to interpret the evidence left behind by, e.g.
unobserved plane crashes, or industrial disasters, or crimes. The
formulation and testing of hypotheses is as much a part of historical
sciences as of "operational" sciences, and the distinction between
them is not clear-cut.
Note, for that matter, that the difference between observed and
unobserved events is overrated. One repeatable observation about
human beings is that witnesses can lie, or be mistaken, or be
misunderstood; interpreting any alleged eyewitness account requires
inferences about an unobserved, unrepeatable event -- the state of
mind of the alleged eyewitness. Eyewitness testimony is simply
another sort of effect of events, not more reliable or better in any
way that "cir***stantial" evidence such as is used as evidence for evolution.
This can be done, as well, for the evidence for evolution. A dozen
labs, or a hundred, can compare human and chimp DNA, or examine some
set of fossils, or study mutation, natural selection, and speciation
in fruit flies or bacteria. This is all that can be done for the
evidence for the existence of atoms or magnetic fields, neither of
which can be directly observed.
Again, scientific methods are frequently used to study unique events
-- or do you believe that forensic science used by crime scene
investigators is a religion, producing nothing but "just-so stories"
and conjecture? Your claim that evolutionary scientists change their
theories more often than their underwear is, on the one hand, a
misrepresentation of the facts (many aspects of evolutionary theory
have changed little in over a century), and on the other a confusion
of dogmatism and certainty with truth. The mere fact that evidence
won't change your mind is no reason to suppose that your views are
closer to the truth than the views of those who will change their
minds to fit the evidence -- indeed, it is reason to suspect the opposite.
Well, since common descent *is* testable (to take just one of
thousands of possible tests, do humans share pseuodgenes with
nonprimates that we don't share with primates?), and natural selection
is testable, but the belief that "kinds" were specially created (in a
nested hierarchy that would be expected from evolution but not from
separate creations) less than 10,000 years ago (but with the
appearance of age) *is* untestable, and *is* something we are urged to
believe merely because creationists tell us to. So on your own advice
one should reject creationism and accept evolution.
-- Steven J.
|